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Make sure that all metal pieces that the operator could touch with a non-insulated part of his body (head,
hands without gloves on, naked arms, etc) is properly grounded with a conductor of at least equivalent section to the
biggest supply cable of the ground clamp or welding torch. If more than one metal ground is concerned, they need to be
all interlinked in one, which must be grounded in the same conditions.
Unless very special care has been taken, do not proceed to any arc welding or cutting in conductive
enclosures, whether it is a confined space or the welding machine has to be left outside. Be even more prudent when
welding in humid or not ventilated areas, and if the power source is placed inside (Decree dated 14.12.1988, Art. 4).
1.2.3 Risks of fire and explosion
Welding can originate risks of fire or explosion. You must pay attention to fire safety regulation.
- Remove flammable or explosive materials from welding area.
- Always have sufficient fire fighting equipment.
- Fire can break out from sparks even several hours after the welding work has been finished.
1.3 INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION
1.3.1 Risks of external injuries
Arc rays produce very bright ultra violet and infrared beams. They will damage eyes and burn skin if the
operator is not properly protected.
-The welder must be dressed and protected according to the constraints of his works impose to him.
-Operator must insulate himself from the work-pieces and the ground. Make sure that no metal piece, especially those
connected to the network, comes in electrical contact to the operator.
-The welder must always wear an individual insulating protection.
Protective equipment: gloves, aprons, safety shoes that offer the additional advantage to protect the operator
against burns caused by hot pieces, spatters, etc. Check the good state of this equipment and replace them before you
are not protected any more.
- It is absolutely necessary to protect eyes against arc rays.
- Protect hair and face against sparks. The welding shield, with or without headset, must be always equipped with a
proper filter according to the arc welding current. In order to protect shaded filter from impacts and sparks, it is
recommended to add a glass in front of the shield.
Welding process
Coated electrodes
MIG on heavy metals
MIG on light alloys
TIG on all metals
MAG
Air/Arc gouging
Plasma cutting
Depending on the conditions of use, the next highest or lowest category number may be used.
The expression "heavy metals" covers steels, alloyed steels, copper and its alloys.
The shaded areas represent applications where the welding processes are not normally used at
present.
.
NOTE: Use a higher degree of filters if welding is performed in premises, which are not well lighted.
1.3.2 Risk of internal injuries
Gases and fumes
- Gases and fumes produced during the welding process can be dangerous and hazardous to your health. Arc welding
works must be carried out in suitable ventilated areas.
- Ventilation must be adequate to remove gases and fumes during operation. All fumes produced during welding have to
be efficiently removed during its production, and as close as possible from the place they are produced.
- Vapours of chlorinated solvents can form toxic gas phosgene when exposed to ultraviolet radiation from an electric
arc.
Current Amps
0,5
2,5
10
20
40
80
1
5
15
30
60
9
10
10
10
9
10
11
10
9
10
125
175
225
275
100
150
200
250
300
11
12
11
12
11
12
13
12
13
14
11
12
13
10
11
12
13
11
12
13
350
450
400
500
13
14
13
14
14
15
14
15
14
15
6
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