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M1280x Microscope Set
horizontally on top of the test tube. It prevents the cotton
thread from slipping all the way down into the test tube.
Now, place the tube in a warm place for 3-4 days. If we take
a look at the glass after a few days under the microscope,
we can see that a little colony of salt crystals has formed
on the cotton thread.
Experiment No. 6:
How do You Raise Brine Shrimp?
Accessories (from your microscope set):
1. Shrimp eggs
2. Sea salt
3. Hatchery
4. Yeast (not included)
Brine shrimp, or "Artemia Salina", as they are called by
scientists, have an unusual and interesting life cycle. The
eggs produced by the female are hatched without ever
being fertilized by a male shrimp. The shrimp that hatch
from these eggs are all females. In unusual circumstances,
e.g. when the marsh dries up, the male shrimp can hatch.
These males fertilize the eggs of the females and from this
mating, special eggs come about. These eggs, so-called
"winter eggs," have a thick shell, which protects them. The
winter eggs are very resistant and capable of survival if
the marsh or lake dries out, killing off the entire shrimp
population. They can exist for 5-10 years in a "sleep" status.
The eggs hatch when the proper environmental conditions
are reproduced. These are the type of eggs you have in
your microscope set.
The Incubation of the Brine Shrimp
In order to incubate the shrimp, you first need to create a
salt solution that corresponds to the living conditions of the
shrimp. For this, put a half liter of rain or tap water in a
container. Let the water sit for approx. 30 hours. Since the
water evaporates over time, it is advisable to fill a second
container with water and let it sit for 36 hours. After the
water has sat stagnant for this period of time, add half of
the included sea salt to the container and stir it until all of
the salt is dissolved. Now, put a few eggs in the container
and cover it with a dish. Place the glass container in a bright
location, but don't put it in direct sunlight. Since you have
a hatchery, you can also add the salt solution along with
a few eggs to each of the four compartments of the tank.
The temperature should be around 77º F (25ºC). At this
temperature, the shrimps will hatch in about 2-3 days. If
the water in the glass evaporates, add some water from the
second container.
The Brine Shrimp under the Microscope
The animal that hatches from the egg is known by the name
"Nauplius Larva". With the help of a pipette, you can place a
few of these larvae on a glass slide and observe them. The
larvae will move around in the salt water by using their hair-
like appendages. Take a few larvae from the container each
day and observe them under the microscope. In case you've
hatched the larvae in a hatchery, simply take off the cover
of the tank and place the tank on the stage. Depending on
the room temperature, the larvae will be mature in 6-10
weeks. Soon, you will have had raised a whole generation
of brine shrimp, which will constantly grow in numbers.
Feeding your Brine Shrimp
In order to keep the brine shrimp alive, they must be fed
from time to time, of course. This must be done carefully,
since overfeeding can make the water become foul and
poison our shrimp population. The feeding is done with
dry yeast in powdered form. A little bit of this yeast every
second day is enough. If the water in the compartments of
the hatchery or your container turns dark, that is a sign that
it is gone bad. Take the shrimp out of the water right away
and place them in a fresh salt solution.
Warning! The shrimp eggs and the shrimp are not
meant to be eaten!
Experiment No. 7:
How does bread mold develop?
Object: An old piece of bread.
Put the bread on a slide and lightly moisten it with water.
Place the bread into a sealed container, and keep it warm
and out of harsh light. Within a short time, the black bread
mold forms. When the mold takes on a white, shining
appearance, observe it with your microscope. It will look
like a complicated mass of thread, forming the fungus
body, which is called the mycelium. Each thread is known
as a hypha. These threads, or hyphae, grow like long, slim
stacks, ending in a small, white ball, called a sporcap. Inside
the sporcap is a spore that will eventually be released to
start new colonies of mold. With your microscope you can
watch this amazing transformation unfold.
Experiment No. 8:
Observing stem and root sections
Objects:
1. A celery stalk
2. A carrot
With an adult's supervision, cut several very thin slices from
the middle of the celery (a stem) and from the middle of
the carrot (a root). Make a "wet mount" by placing a drop
of water on the slide. Then put the specimen on the water-
covered slide, and top with a cover slip. The water will help
support the sample. It also fills in the space between the
cover slip and the slide. Start by viewing them at the lowest
magnification and then increase the magnification for more
detailed observation.
Experiment No. 9:
Observing cork cells
Object: A small cork
With an adult's supervision, cut a very thin slice from the
cork, the thinner the better. Prepare a wet mount of this cork
slice as you did with the celery and carrot in Experiment 8.
When applying the cover slip over the slide, the water and
the cork, make sure no air bubbles are trapped beneath it.
Begin with the lowest power and increase the magnification
as desired. The cells you see, called lenticels, are actually
the air pockets that have been left after the plant material
inside has decayed.
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