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5.0 HOW TO SET UP A MULTI-WAY
SPEAKER SYSTEM
5.1 EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS
Properly prepare all necessary equipment and instruments be-
fore hand will help you fluently do the job, here are the list we
suggested:
5.1.1 Measurement Microphone (Cali-
brated and matched with RTA or ETF/
TEF)
Alignment should be carried out with a good quality microphone,
with a flat response at least from 50 Hz to about 16 kHz. Placed no
less than 1 m (prefer at listening position, multiple measurements
required for larger venue) in front of the speaker system being
set-up, and at a vertical position between the drivers covering
the two or more bands of the system. Only one speaker system
at one time, never turn on multiple speaker system at the same
time, you will never properly tune the system!
5.1.2 Real Time Analyzer (RTA), Energy-
Time-Frequency (ETF or TEF), FFT, or
MLSSA including a Sound Pressure
Level Meter
RTA is a popular device that shows the frequency response directly
on the display. ETF or TEF, FFT, even MLSSA instruments don'
show the frequency response directly, but after the instrument
taking enough samples and finished the calculation.
Precision measurement cannot be done by ordinary RTA, but it
is a handy tool to do some quick job and in near field measure-
ment. For more precision alignment, ETF/TEF or MLSSA is
recommended.
Please refer to the user guides of the instrument you are using
for proper measurements.
5.1.3 Function Generator with frequency display
This is a sine and square wave generator capable of variable
frequency in the range of audio band. You need to have the
frequency digital display or you need a external counter for the
frequency reading purpose. This unit is needed to send out the
precision frequency signal to the system.
5.1.4 AC voltmeter
A good AC voltmeter (2 channel preferred) that reads in dB as
well as volts is recommended for measuring the input and output
level of each band.
5.1.5 Your familiar CDs
Prepare some of your most familiar music CDs covering low to high
frequency. Vocal singing and speaking shall be always included as
this is most sensible to human ears. Experienced user put together
frequent test reference sound tracks and standard signal such as
pink/white noise into one CD or DAT for convenient trial listening.
The instrument assist alignment will mean nothing without good
listening experience. If you found problem while listening, don't
try to adjust the system without instrument. In stead, you shall
make use of the instrument to find out the problem, there must
be something missing!
PCR2213
All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com
5.2 2-WAY SYSTEM LEVEL SETTING
Properly setting level guarantee best performing system. Please
follow the recommended procedure for best speaker system.
1.
All system power off.
2.
Connect the pink noise generator (on RTA or CD), the signal
source required by the test instrument and variable frequency
signal generator onto the main mixer.
3.
Connect the measurement microphone to the instrument.
4.
Make sure all the signal wiring is done properly setting on
PCR2213 Plus is done correctly.
5.
Graphic equalizer at flat setting (or bypass).
6.
Compressor/limiter at bypass setting.
7.
All level control on power amplifiers at minimum.
8.
Un-mute all output of PCR2213 Plus.
9.
Turn on the system except power amplifiers.
10. Connect AC volt meter at the low output of the PCR2213 Plus
under test.
11. Make sure all mute switches and phase invert switches are
not pressed. The limiter is off, subsonic filter is off and the
horn EQ is not engaged.
12. Set the crossover point [8] as design, send in the sine wave
from function generator at half of the crossover frequency.
Adjust the channel fader and master fader to 0VU on the
mixer.
13. Read the AC volt meter, it should be around 0dBu depending
on the 0VU reference point of the mixer and the crossover
point.
14. Change the frequency of the function generator to the cross-
over point.
15. Adjust the crossover frequency knob [8] slowly around the
crossover frequency. Read the AC volt meter until it is 3dB
lower than previous step. This is the exact position of the
crossover point. Mark the position with a pencil.
16. Repeat the same procedure from step 10 to 14 with another
channel crossover point.
17. Measure the axis distance between the bass speaker and
high frequency driver (speaker), and calculate the approxi-
mate delay time to compensate the difference. Ref to 5.3 for
detail.
18. Now, shut down all signal source. Make sure there is no output
from the mixer by reading the level meter on the mixer.
1. Press down all the mute switches of PCR2213 Plus except
the HF output.
20. Turn on only the HF power amplifier with input level at mini-
mum.
21. Send in the pink noise to the mixer, adjust the level until
reaching -10dB.
22. Slowly turn up the level control of the HF power amplifier,
make sure you are listening the HF sound clearly from the HF
speakers. If you heard fussy HF sound from the bass speak-
ers (It is hard to tell MF coming from MF or LF speakers), turn
off the system and check system wiring thoroughly. It is highly
possibly that the LF signal was send into HF speaker. If you
turn on the LF first, HF speaker will be blown already.
23. OK, now the HF is correctly sent into HF speaker(s). Un-mute
the LF output, and mute the HF output.
24. Slowly turn up the level control of the LF power amplifier, you
should hear strong LF sound from the LF speakers.
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