Acoustic Properties; Requirements For The Amplifier; Environmental; Patents - Panphonics Sound Shower AA160 Basic Active Manual De Instrucciones

E L E M E N T E L E C T R O N I C C O N N E C T I O N S A N D E L E C T R I C A L R A T I N G S :
Black wire (pin 9)
Red wire (pin 6)
White wire (pin 3)
ELEMENT CAPACITANCE IS 40 NF (for S60, value depending of the element area).
Impedance can be calculated with formula Z=1 / (2 Π f C), where f is frequency
and C panel capacitance. The table below describes the amounts of current and
power required to drive a 30 nF audio element at frequency dependent maximum
voltages given above.
f (Hz) I (A)
100 0.0044
1 000 0.0444
5 000 0.2221
10 000 0.4443
20 000 0.5331

9.2 Acoustic properties

The Panphonics Audio Elements are
extremely directive. The directivity is a
function of the frequency. At frequencies
above 2 kHz, the standard S60 size Pan-
phonics audio elements have directivity
of 4 degrees. Because of the directivity
and the phase coherence of the produced
wave field, the output sound pressure
stays at equal level even to long distances
The element functions best at
frequencies from 300 Hertz upwards.
The nominal indented operational
frequency range for the element is
300 – 22.000 Hz. The Panphonics audio
elements have good quality of sound
AUDIO negative
AUDIO positive, max. 500v p-p
BIAS VOLTAGE - 450v dc, max
P (VA)
0.8
7.9
39.3
56.5
78.5
with very low harmonic distortion.
The element has precise impulse
response, enabling variety of applications
and easy modifications to any specific use.
Maximum continuous sound pressure
level is 95 dB, peak SPL being
108dB@8kHz / 3% THD, measured
with element version 1.21.
Every doubling of the element surface
area increases the produced audio
energy with 3 dB. At the same time the
frequency range is extended towards
lower frequencies. With Panphonics
technology, the increase in area in-
creases also the directivity of the low
frequencies. Because of optimised use
of active area, installing elements side-by-
side creates the same acoustical effect
as having one element of the size and
shape of the collage. As the audio output
is created over the whole area of each
element, no boundary effects such as high
frequency comb filtering are detected.

9.3 Requirements for the amplifier

Like all electrostatic loudspeakers,
Panphonics Audio Element appears as
capacitive load to an amplifier, contrary
to a conventional magnetic loudspeaker,
the so-called dynamic loudspeaker,
which is a resistive load. The element
also requires bias voltage, which is not
provided by typical audio amplifiers.
Resistive load dissipates power as heat.
A capacitor stores electrical energy
instead of converting it to heat. Capaci-
tive load is highly reactive, which means
that it sends the stored electrical power
back to the amplifier when signal
reverses polarity. This tends to cause
problems to normal analogue amplifiers.
The power requirement of the Panphonics
Audio Element can not be directly com-
pared to that of a magnetic speaker.
When driving an electrostatic loudspeak-
er, the amplifier has to handle a different
relation between voltage and current
than when driving a dynamic loudspeaker
and the power requirement is highly
frequency dependent. Therefore, one can
not evaluate the ability of an amplifier to
drive an electrostatic loudspeaker by its
power rating. With a certain degree of
simplification, an electrostatic element can
be said to run on voltage instead of wattage.

9.4 Environmental

The element as such is indented to indoor
use, with operating temperature range
from -10 to +70 degrees Celsius. Depend-
ing of other environmental conditions,
such as humidity and mechanical stress,
the range may be extended remarkably.
In the operating environment the humidity
combined with high temperatures should
not rise above 70 % non-condensing.
High heat and humidity may cause irre-
versible damages to the element. Same
restrictions apply also to the storage
environment of the element.
The element as such has ingress protection
classification IP30. It has survived opera-
tional in very demanding environmental
test sequence following the standard
SAEJ-1885kJ. For more details, please
contact Panphonics technical support.

9.5 Patents

The product is protected by one or
more of the following patents or patent
applications:
EP 0883972, JP 4138004, JP 4312821,
US 6483924, CN ZL200880005581.0, JP 5568313,
US 9,301,055, CN ZL200980113569.6, JP 5685524,
US 8,565,454, EP 1226741, FI 116605, JP 4809561,
EP 1010166, JP 4256935, US 6711267