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The Safety Prescriptions given in this manual do not replace but summarise the obligations for compliance with the current safety and accident
prevention regulations. Before install, operate or maintain the welding equipment, read and understand carefully the current safety and accident
prevention regulations.
In any case, the personnel involved in the use of the welding machine must be adequately trained with regard to use of the machine and
observance of the fundamental welding and welding safety rules.
Setting up of the work area must comply with certain fundamental principles. Basic safety of persons and things depends on the observance of
these minimum requires.
1.1 - Personal Protection
The skin or eyes burns resulting from the exposure to the electric arc
welding radiations or metal fusion can bring more dangerous effects
than sunburn. Therefore:
a) Use a protection mask equipped with the respective filter to protect
the eyes, face, neck and ears from the projections and the arc welding
radiation. Prevent the persons near the welding places of the negative
effects provoked by the arc welding radiations or melt metal spatters.
b) Use non-inflammable gloves, long sleeves shirt, trousers without
folds, boots, welding mask, apron and hat to protect the hair. These
protections are needed to insure that the skin is protected from the
referred radiations.
Avoid using clothes with pockets or folds so that in case of occurring
any spatter of hot metal these will not deposit in the clothes' folds or
pockets.
c) To protect the persons near the welding place, separations of non-
flammable curtains must be installed.
d) Always use safety glasses when standing in a place where metal
spatters can occur. Persons that circulate in the working area must
also use safety goggles.
1.2 - Preventing Fires
The melted spatters can cause fires when in contact with combustible or explosive substances, liquids or gaseous. Therefore:
a) Every combustible material must stay far from the working place.
When this is not possible, these substances must be covered and well protected with non-flammable covers.
These materials include wool, clothes, sawdust, natural gas, acetylene, propane and similar materials.
b) The metal spatters can penetrate in wall or floor cracks causing non detectable latent fire. These cracks must be conveniently protected from
fusion metal spatters.
c) Welding, cutting or any kind of hot operation should not be made in recipients, deposits, tanks or other kind of used containers that haven't been
carefully cleaned from substances that can produce toxic or inflammable vapours.
d) For protection against fire must exists a fire extinguisher system nearby, that can be used quickly like a water hose, a water recipient,
extinguishing sand or a portable extinguisher.
e) Once the welding operations are concluded, the working area must be inspected to insure the absence of metal fusion spatters that can cause
further fires.
1.3 - Electric Discharge
Burns or mortal electrocution can be caused by 110 voltages or less. The gravity of this kind of discharges is determined by the
intensity of electric current that passes through the human body. Therefore:
a) Do not permit contact of the skin with metal pieces or even the use of wet or humid clothing. Wear only well dry gloves.
b) If it's really needed to make welding operations in humid places the operators must wear very well dry gloves, rubber shoes or boots
and stepping the dry floor in order to be isolated from the electric current.
c) The welding machine must be connected to an electrical board equipped with an appropriate differential and earth connection. The
earth connection wire's section must be correct according the norms about electric cables.
d) Do not use damaged welding cables. Do not overload the cable. Cable extensions or connections must be always correctly isolated.
e) The equipment must remain disconnected when not in use because an accidental electrical discharge can cause overheating and provoke a fire.
Do not roll the welding cable around the body.
f) The earth cable must be connected to the welding piece closest from the welding area. Welding current must passes through metallic elevations
or crane cables if long distance earth cable connections are made.
1.4 - Ventilation
The smoke produced by the welding, mainly in closed spaces can provoke irritations if breathed during a long period of time.
a) Always take special care having proper ventilation in the welding places by the means of natural or forced ventilation systems. Do not weld over
zinc galvanised materials, cadmium, lead or beryllium, without prevent the needed ventilation to avoid smoke provoked by the welding of these
materials
b) Do not weld near places containing chlorinated hydrocarbon vapours resultants from degreasing operations. Reactions can be provoked from the
vapours of solvents with the resultant heat of electric welding arc producing toxic or irritating gas.c) Eye, nose or throat irritations during the welding
process means that the ventilation system isn't proper. In this case the ventilation should be increased in the welding area. Stop the welding
operation if the irritations persist
1.5 Equipment maintenance
The quality of the welding process depends on the good condition of the welding equipment. To maintain its good condition and protect the
operator, maintenance reviews should be made periodically. If reviews aren't made, accidents can occur due to fire or electric discharges.
Therefore:
The equipment installation and maintenance operations must be done by qualified personal. Do not proceed with electric repairs if you
are not properly qualified.
1 - SAFETY PRESCRIPTIONS FOR ARC WELDING GENERATORS
Eye filter protection scale number (1) and recommended use for arc welding
Welding process
0,5
2,5
or connected tecnics
1
5
Coated electrodes
MIG on hard metals (2)
MIG on light alloys
TIG on all alloys
MAG
Arc Air
Plasma cutting
Plasma welding
0,5
2,5
1
5
(1) - Depending of use conditions, the protection scale number immediatly below can be used
(2) - The expression "hard metals" covers steel, steel alloys, copper and its alloys, etc.
OPEN ARC 500A
Welding current (Amp)
10
20
40
80
125
175 225 275 350
15
30
60
100 150 200
250
9
10
11
12
11
12
10
11
12
13
10
9
10
11
12
13
10
11
12
13
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
10
20
40
80
125
225
275
175
15
30
60
100
150
200
250
450
300 400 500
13
14
13
14
14
15
14
14
15
13
14
15
13
350
450
300
400
500
3
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