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6. LOGGING
Inexperienced users should not fell trees. The user may suffer injury
or property damage as a result of loss of control of the direction of fall,
the tree may splinter, or damaged or dead limbs may fall during felling.
The safety distance between a tree being felled and passers-by,
buildings and other objects is at least 2 and a half times the height
of the tree. Passers-by, buildings or objects within this distance are
at risk of being hit by the falling tree. (Fig 9-10)
Before cutting down trees:
- Make sure there are no municipal ordinances or regulations that
prohibit or control the felling of trees. Consider all conditions that
may influence the direction of fall, including the following:
- The predicted direction of fall.
- The natural inclination of the tree.
- Any unusual heavy branch structure or rot.
- Surrounding trees and obstacles such as telephone or power lines
and underground drains.
- The speed and direction of the wind. Have a safe exit plan prepa-
red for falling trees or branches. Make sure the exit path is clear of
obstacles that prevent or impede movement. Remember that wet
grass and freshly cut bark are slippery.
Do not fell trees whose diameter is greater than the cutting length
of the chainsaw. (Fig 11)
An angular cut is made to determine the direction of the fall.
A horizontal cut is made to a depth of between 1/5 and 1/3 of the
diameter of the tree, perpendicular to the line of fall at the base of
the tree. The second cut is made from above to coincide with the
first to make an angular cut of about 45º.
Make a single horizontal cut on the other side about 2.5-5cm above
the center of the angular cut. Do not cut across the angled cut as
you could lose control of the direction of fall.
Drive one or more wedges into this felling cut to open it up and
drop the tree.
6.1 PRUNING TREES
Make sure there are no municipal ordinances or regulations that
prohibit or control tree trimming.
Pruning should be done by experienced users as there is a risk of
kickback or chain snagging.
Conditions that affect the direction of fall should be considered
before pruning including:
- The length and weight of the branch to be cut.
- Any unusual heavy branch structure or rot.
- Surrounding trees and obstacles such as telephone or power lines.
- The speed and direction of the wind.
- The intertwined branches.
The user must consider access to the tree limb and direction of fall.
The branches are likely to swing towards the trunk. In addition to
the user, bystanders, objects and property under the branch are in
danger. To avoid splintering, the first cut will be made upwards with
the maximum depth at one third of the diameter of the branch. The
second cut will be made downward to match the first.
6.2 FOREST CUTTING
How you should cut will depend on how the log is supported. Use a
saw horse whenever possible. Always start the cut with the chain
running and the tine bumper in contact with the wood. To com-
plete the cut, use the pivoting action of the tine bumper against
the wood.
When supported at full length:
- Make a cut downwards, avoiding cutting the ground so as not to
quickly dent the chain.
When supported at both ends:
- First cut a third down to avoid splintering and then cut again fo-
llowing the first cut.
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