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INITIAL PIPING FILL
After checking that the protective plastic plugs placed inside the pump couplings have been removed, proceed as
follows:
1) Turn the switch on the burner to "O".
This prevents automatic ignition of the burner and, in particular, prevents the heating elements being switched
on, components which, if left on with the tank empty could burn out.
2) Make sure, if the burner is three-phase, that the motor turns anticlockwise (when looking at the
burner from the pump side). Direction of rotation can be ascertained by observing the direction of fan
rotation via the spy-hole on the rear end of the worm screw. To start the motor close the relay switch
manually (by pressing on the mobile part) for a few seconds and observe which way the fan turns.
Should it be necessary to invert rotation switch over two phases on the power line input terminals (L1-L2 -L3).
Note: To be sure which way the fan is rotating wait for it to slow down as it may otherwise give the onlooker
a false impression.
3) Remove (if already connected) the fl exible hoses from the aspiration and return piping.
4) Immerge the end of the fl exible suction hose in a recipient containing lubricating oil or fuel oil (do not use low-
viscosity products such as light oil, petrol, kerosene etc).
5) Now press the mobile part of the motor relay switch to start the motor and therefore the pump.
Wait until the pump has aspirated a quantity of lubricant equivalent to about 1 or 2 cups, then stop.
This operation serves to avoid the pump working on empty conditions and to increase suction capacity.
N.B. Pumps operating at 2800 rpm MUST NEVER run on empty as they will quickly seize.
6) Now connect the hose to the suction pipe and open all its dampers and all other fuel interception devices.
7) Now press the mobile part of the relay switch once again to start the pump; this will draw the fuel from the
tank.
Note: Where piping is long it may be necessary to release air via the vent plug. If the pump is not equipped
with such a plug remove the pressure gauge attachment plug. In this case, when the fuel is seen to
fl ow out of the pressure gauge coupling hole stop and replace the plug. Then continue fi lling until the
tank is full (the preheating tank is full when fuel is seen to fl ow out of the return hose which has not yet
been connected).
8) Connect the return hose to the piping and open the gates situated on this pipe. The burner is now ready for
ignition.
DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION (see diagram N° 0002900446 and N° 0002900564)
NOTE: The "D" (dense) version burners are equipped with an auxiliary element for the pump, the atomization unit
and for the two solenoid valves. In addition, the line fi lter is preheated.
By closing the switch on the burner the heating elements relay switch is turned to ON (if the relative thermostat
so allows). Voltage arrives at the elements relay switch via the regulating thermostat contact. Once the heating
elements have been switched on they heat the fuel oil in the preheating tank. When the fuel oil temperature reaches
a certain point the minimum thermostat goes off. When the latter is off (and if the other regulation and safety
thermostats provide consensus) the current will arrive at the control box which switches on the burner devices as
per the preset program. The ignition transformer is switched on at the same time as the burner motor (with the OR
3/B control box). However, with the LAL 1.25 control box the transformer is switched on a few seconds later. The
motor turns the fan which preventilates the combustion chamber with air and simultaneously drives the pump which
circulates the hot oil through the ducts and expels the cold oil and any gas (via the return). This "preventilation"
stage terminates when solenoid valve n° 7 closes (open in its home position), interrupting oil discharge towards
the tank. Solenoid valve closure is followed by an increase of pressure in the delivery pipes.
NOTE: The preheater net fi lter incorporates an "anti-gas" spring valve which opens and allows fuel to fl ow only
on attainment of a pressure of 2 - 2.5 bar. The purpose of this valve is to keep the preheater under
slight pressure even with the burner off so as to reduce, and preferably avoid, gas formation with the
oil hot and the burner off. As the pressure loss caused by this "anti-gas" valve is about 2 - 2.5 bar it
is therefore necessary to raise atomization pressure (pump pressure) in order to compensate for that
loss. In practice it will be necessary to adjust pump pressure to 27 bars. When this pressure reaches
16 bars the nozzle n° 4 closure device in the atomization unit opens; this allows the oil to reach the
nozzle of the 1st stage and from here to enter the combustion chamber in a fi nely atomized state.
TWO STAGE HEAVY OIL BURNER
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0006080415 ed2005/08
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