shim under the tread are rein orced ith an annular
structure usually called a elt he tread and side all
or
ith di erent independent ri idities so durin
rollin side all e ure is not transmitted to the tread
4 - Side ring.
his is a metal rin comprisin se eral
steel strands
he casin plies are secured to the
side rin
5 - B elt his is a non- e i le circum erential structure
comprisin cross-plies at ery lo an les positioned
elo the tread
ith the aim to sta ilise the casin
in the footprint area.
6 - Centring b and. This is a small mark that indicates
the circum erence o the upper part o the ead and
is used as a re erence to control correct tyre centrin
on the rim a ter mountin
7 - P rotectiv e b and his is a circum erential mar in
in the area o the side all hich is more e posed to
accidental ru
in
8 - Sidew all.
his is the area et een the shoulder
and the centrin
and t consists o a more or less
thin layer o ru
er
from lateral impact.
9 - Inner lining.
sheet impermea le to air inside tu eless tyres
1 0 - Filling. t is a ru
section placed a o e the rim it pro ides ri idity or
the ead and radually o sets the a rupt une en
thic ness caused y the side rin
1 1 - Flap
his is the part o the casin ply around
the side rin and placed a ainst the casin to secure
the ply and pre ent it rom slippin
1 2 - Foot
his is the innermost layer o the tread
in contact ith the elt or i the latter is not present
con entional tyres
1 3 - Shoulder.
his is the outer part o the tread
et een the corner and start o the side all
1 4 - B ead
his is the part that oins the tyre to the
116
hich protects the casin plies
his is a ulcanised compound
er profile
ith a trian ular
ith the last casin ply
7
1 4
2
d
e
c
U ser' s manual
11
6
10
4
a