should occur when the water level
approaches or falls within the indicated
pressure range. The pressure is that
recorded by measuring the distance
from the base of the valve to the top of
the water column in the proximal tube
extension. Due to characteristics of
silicone materials, some variation in
pressure performance may occur.
A radiopaque ventricular catheter guide
is provided to help direct the catheter
out of the trephine opening to minimize
kinking.
The Pudenz Ventricular Catheter is
manufactured from silicone elastomer
with a barium sulfate impregnated stripe
to provide radiopacity throughout the
entire length of the catheter. The catheter
has multiple small perforations near the
tip to facilitate drainage of CSF and to
help reduce clogging of the catheter
lumen. The extreme tip of the catheter is
closed to help prevent particulate matter
from entering the tubing during
placement. The tip of the catheter
contains a radiopaque, tantalum-
impregnated silicone elastomer plug to
aid in determining location during and
subsequent to implantation. The catheter
is provided with a stylet to support the
catheter during implantation.
The peritoneal catheter which is integral
to the outlet of the valve for some
models is made of a high durometer
(firm) silicone elastomer which helps
resist kinking and occlusion caused by
the bending or twisting of the catheter.
This catheter is designed to deliver CSF
to the peritoneal cavity. The tubing is
open-ended and contains a barium
sulfate impregnated stripe to make it
radiopaque throughout its entire length.
Each component of a shunting system
affects the overall flow resistance of that
system. To determine the flow
characteristics of the enclosed shunt
system, refer to the System
Performance Chart.
Surgical Procedure
The introduction of a shunting system,
including placement of the flushing
valve, may be accomplished through a
variety of surgical techniques; therefore,
the surgeon is best advised to use the
method which his/her own practice and
training dictate to be best for the patient.
Injection
Fluids may be selectively flushed in the
proximal or distal direction by injecting
Valve Performance Chart
Low
Pressure
Dot Code
Closing Pressure
mm H
O
2
Range
5-50
HIGH PRESSURE
MEDIUM PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
FLOW RATE (ml/h)
Note: The above curves describe typical in-vitro valve performance characteristics for each
closing pressure range. Due to characteristics of silicone materials, some variation in pressure
performance may occur which historically has not compromised effective control and treatment
of hydrocephalus.
Occluder
Proximal
Figure 4. Injection for Distal Flushing
Occluder
Proximal
Figure 5. Injection for Proximal Flushing
3
Medium
High
Pressure
Pressure
mm H
O
mm H
2
51-110
111-180
Reservoir
Chamber
Reservoir
Chamber
O
2
Distal
Distal